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QoS Router Configuration

1. Install OpenWRT RC 0.9
   1. Download the WHITE RUSSIAN 0.9 SquashFS firmware
      http://downloads.openwrt.org/whiterussian/0.9/default/openwrt-wrt54g-squashfs.bin
   2. Install the new firmware (Replace the Linksys firmware with the 3rd party, open-source, OpenWRT firmware.
   3. The default username and password for the Linksys firmware is admin/admin.
   
   
2. Configure basic settings from the web interface
   1. Set the root password
   2. Change the hostname from OpenWRT to username
   3. Set boot_wait to enabled.
   4. Set the Lan IP Address to 192.168.nnn.129. Set the subnet mask to 255.255.255.128.
   5. Enter a DNS Static DNS server on the LAN Configuration page.
      1. 192.168.nnn.1
   6. Set the WAN IP address to 192.168.nnn.126.
   7. Set the WAN subnet mask to 255.255.255.128
   8. Set the WAN default gateway to 192.168.nnn.1
      1. Set the Wireless SSID to username
   9. Set the Channel to Auto or a channel likely to have the least interference.
   10. Set the Wireless Encryption to WPA.
       1. Check WPA1
       2. Check RC4 (TKIP)
   11. Set the Wireless Encryption password to “password”.
   12. Remember that wireless will not work with WPA until after the nas package is installed and the router is rebooted.
   
   
3. Install additional software packages
   1. Install the nas package
   2. Install Rudy’s QoS script from the command shell.
      Ipkg install http://files.eschauzier.org/qos-re_1.05_all.ipk
      
   3. Install the openssh-sftp-server package when using devices with more than 4Mb Flash
   
   
4. Disable NAT on the QoS Router
   1. Edit the /etc/init.d/S35firewall file. Comment out the three lines following ### MASQ.
   
   
5. Fix a problem with dnsmasq (DHCP)
   1. nvram set dhcp_lease=12h; nvram commit; echo Done.
   
   
6. Copy files to the router
   
   Copy files from the template directory. The template directory for the QoS router (these instructions) is named username.dyndns.infoNNb where b signifies router B.
   
   
   1. Copy /etc/TZ
   2. Copy /etc/dnsmasq.conf
   3. Copy /etc/qos.conf
   4. Copy /etc/firewall.user
      1. chmod 755 /etc/firewall.user
   5. /etc/init.d/S51setdate
      1. chmod 755 /etc/init.d/S51setdate
   6. /etc/init.d/S52rdate
      1. chmod 755 /etc/init.d/S52rdate
   
   
7. Edit /etc/dnsmasq.conf
   1. Change NNN to the router owner’s subnet for DHCP option 6.
   2. Dhcp-option=6,192.168.NNN.1
   
   
8. Reboot the router.
   
9. Configure QoS on the router by editing the /etc/qos.conf file.
   1. Change the DSCP_EXPR="" line to DSCP_EXPR="46".
      1. Change additional settings as desired to give specific traffic a higher or lower priority.
   
   
   The UPLOAD= and DOWNLOAD= lines should be the same on the VPN router and QoS router.
   
   1. Test the speed of the Internet Connection with DSLReports Java speed test tool.
      1. The test must be performed from the location where the router will be used.
      2. The test must be performed when the test is the only traffic going over the line.
      3. The test must be performed at a time of day that will give average results. It is better to perform the test several times during the day and use the lowest upload and download from all of the tests.
      4. Multiply the test results by .9 to reduce the result by 10%
      5. Enter the results in the UPLOAD= and DOWNLOAD= lines.
   
   
10. Add DHCP Reservations by editing the /etc/ethers file.
    
    DHCP Reservations might be useful for configuring QoS. One QoS approach is to give all traffic to or from a specific IP address a higher priority. Another QoS approach is to mark all packets to/from a specific IP address with a DSCP flag and then give a higher priority to traffic with a specific DSCP flag set. (Openswan is configured to copy the DSCP flag to the outside of the IPSec packet thereby allowing QoS to match the IPSec packets with a specific DSCP flag.)
    1. Entering the following on a line by itself will create a DHCP Reservation on soho-user-a’s router for an IP phone.
       1. 00:01:e1:07:d3:87 192.168.224.140